Roofing Materials Compared: Asphalt, Metal, Tile, and More

Asphalt Shingles: The Default Choice

Cost: $3–7/sq ft installed. Lifespan: 20–30 years (3-tab); 25–40 years (architectural). Pros: Lowest cost, widely available, easy repairs. Cons: Shortest lifespan, petroleum product, not eco-friendly. Best for: Budget-conscious projects, most residential applications.

Metal Roofing

Standing seam metal: $10–17/sq ft installed. 40–70+ year lifespan. Excellent for steep slopes, snow country, fire-resistant areas. Higher upfront cost has 3–4× the lifespan of asphalt.

Metal shingles: $7–13/sq ft. Mimics the look of asphalt, tile, or shake while providing metal durability. Good compromise between cost and longevity.

Clay and Concrete Tile

Cost: $10–20/sq ft installed. Lifespan: 50–100 years. Pros: Exceptional longevity, excellent in hot/dry climates, looks beautiful. Cons: Heavy (requires structural reinforcement), fragile when walked on, expensive. Best for: Mediterranean/Spanish style homes in warm climates.

Cedar Shake

Cost: $6–11/sq ft. Lifespan: 20–30 years. Natural appearance. Fire risk (Class C unless treated). High maintenance — requires periodic retreatment to prevent rot and moss growth. Not recommended in fire-prone areas.

Comparing 50-Year Total Cost

An asphalt roof replaced every 25 years costs $8,000 twice = $16,000 total over 50 years. A metal roof at $15,000 once = $15,000 over 50 years. The longer the time horizon, the more premium roofing materials make economic sense.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know when to replace vs. repair my roof?

Replace when: over 20 years old with widespread granule loss, multiple simultaneous leaks, widespread lifted or curled shingles, or significant storm damage. Repair when: isolated leak with otherwise good roof, minimal damage to specific area, or roof under 15 years old. Get a professional inspection for a definitive assessment.

Can I put a new roof over old shingles?

Most building codes allow one overlay (new shingles over old). Two layers increase weight, hide potential deck damage, complicate future replacement, and may shorten new shingle life. Best practice is always to remove old shingles for a quality long-term installation.